Daniel Santiago Salguero interviews Jacqueline Sanchez for Luciérnagas #LPW2020
DSS: Buenas tarde, Jaque, gracias por estar aquí y colaborar con esta entrevista. Te voy a hacer unas preguntas que ya conoces. Si no quieres responder o te sientes incómoda podemos parar y no hay problema.
¿Hace cuánto descubriste que tienes VIH? ¿Cómo ha sido todo desde entonces?
JS: Bueno, yo descubrí que tengo el virus del VIH desde noviembre del 2015. En un centro asistencial de mi barrio estaban en una campaña y me propusieron hacer la prueba, ahí me enteré. Para mi ha sido un poco complicado pero quiero salir adelante, surgir. Esto ha cambiado mi vida notablemente.
DSS: Cuando supiste ¿lo compartiste con tu familia, cómo reaccionaron?
JS: Si, primero lo compartí con mi compañero. Él se impactó mucho con la noticia y se perdió un tiempo. Después, lo compartí con mi madre pero hoy en día me arrepiento. Mi madre me dijo: ‘Defiéndase sola porque usted se buscó su problema’, palabras textuales que me han dolido mucho. Cada vez que tenemos un disgusto me lo saca a la luz.
DSS: ¿Crees que de ser hombre las cosas habrían sido diferentes?
JS: Pues para mí, en mi modo de pensar, los hombres son mas sensibles a la noticia, se impactan y se resienten más. En mi caso, prefiero ser mujer porque yo soy valiente y soy capaz de enfrentar la realidad. Al principio, si me dio miedo por el rechazo de mi familia. Pero ahora lo asumo sin miedo.
DSS: ¿Cómo es tu relación con los medicamentos?
JS: Al principio me daba dolor de cabeza, mareo. Pero ahora son para mi una bendición ¿por qué? Porque me dan mucha energía, fortaleza y me siento bien, no me duele ni una uña. Y me permiten vivir. Mi EPS me los suministra y me los tomo todos los días a las 9 p. m. Son retrovirales. El VIH es un virus que si no tiene tratamiento se va desarrollando y la persona, al principio, no se da cuenta, como fue mi caso. Pero si uno tiene cuidado, va a los controles y se toma los medicamentos y se cuida, va a tener larga vida. Depende sobre todo del cariño que se tenga a uno mismo.
DSS: ¿Crees que tu visión del mundo ha cambiado desde que te enteraste que tenías VIH? ¿por qué?
JS: Sí, porque la mujer que soy ahora no es la de antes. Yo soy una persona albina y de baja visión, las personas de mi entorno me rechazaban pero el rechazo de mi familia me hizo ser más fuerte, me tengo que defender sola y no tengo que depender de nadie. Y eso es lo que estoy haciendo. Estoy contenta porque estoy trabajando en un proyecto que se llama Café a ciegas, donde he conocido a personas invidentes. Dos tenemos la capacidad de ver, pero mi compañera ve un poco más, somos los ojos de grupo. He aprendido que los límites se los pone uno mismo, que si uno quiere surgir los sueños se pueden hacer realidad. Y el VIH es solamente un virus, pero si uno se cuida no pasa nada. Y ya, así de simple.
DSS: ¿Qué les quisieras decir a las mujeres con HIV / Sida?
JS: Les quiero dar un consejo. Que si ven la necesidad de decirle a sus familiares y creen que los van a ayudar que le digan, pero sino mejor que no lo digan. También que uno mismo debe amar su cuerpo, quererse uno mismo, no pueden pensar que por tener VIH no son humanos, tienes valores, hay que seguir adelante, tener cuidado con el tratamiento, que la vida no se ha acabado. Esto es como un volver a nacer, porque uno tiene esperanza, y vive el día a día, no como antes que uno no se preocupaba, hay que fortalecerse, superarse, aprender, mantenerse ocupado, intercambiar ideas, capacitarse.
DSS: ¿ Qué le quisieras decir a los familiares o amigos de personas con el virus?
JS: A los familiares les quisiera decir que sean considerados. Igual uno tiene el virus pero tiene la energía para comprender y hacer todo. Que no los hagan sentir menos y no los discriminen, porque es el peor error de una familia. Mejor que le den la libertad de vivir, porque la libertad es lo más maravilloso que puede haber. Entonces, yo les pediría de corazón que hay que comprenderlos y apoyarlos en lo más que se pueda.
DSS: Gracias Jaque, ¿hay algo más que quieras agregar?
JS: No, gracias, creo que ya lo dije todo.
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DSS: Good afternoon, Jaque, thank you for being here and collaborating with this interview. I am going to ask you a few questions that you already know. If you don’t want to respond, or feel uncomfortable, we can stop and there is no problem.
How long have you had HIV? How has everything been since then?
JS: Well, I found out I had the HIV virus on November of 2015. In an assistance center in my neighborhood, they were doing a campaign and proposed to me to do the test, that is where I found out. For me, it’s been a bit complicated but I want to move forward, arise. It has significantly changed my life.
DSS: When you found out, did you share with your family, and how did they react?
JS: Yes, I first shared it with my partner. He was very impacted by the news and was lost for a bit. Afterwards, I shared it with my mother, but today i regret it. My mother told me: ‘Fight it alone, because it was you that brought this problem upon yourself,’ textual words that have hurt me a lot. Every time we have some disagreement, it is brought back to light.

DSS: Do you think that if you had been a man, things would have been different?
JS: Well to me, in my way of thinking, men are more sensitive to the news, they are more impacted by it and resist it more. In my case, I prefer being a woman because I am brave and capable of facing reality. In the beginning, it did scare me, because of my family’s rejection. But now I assume it without fear.
DSS: How is your relationship with the medications?
JS: At first they would give me headaches, nausea. But now they are a blessing to me. Why? Because they give me so much energy, strength, and I feel good, there is not even a fingernail on me that hurts. And they allow me to live. My EPS provides them for me, and I take them everyday at 9 PM. They are retroviral. HIV is a virus that, if left untreated, will continue developing and the person, at first, will not notice it, as was my case. But if one is careful, does checks, takes medicine, and takes care of themselves, he or she will have a long life. It is mostly about the care that one has with him/herself.
DSS: Do you think that your view of the word has changed since you found out you had HIV? Why?
JS: Yes, because the woman that I am today is not the same that I was before. I am an albino person and with low vision, people around me rejected me, but my family’s rejection made me stronger. I have to defend myself alone, and I do not have to depend on anyone. And that is what I am doing. I am happy because I am working on a project called Café a Ciegas, in which I have met people who are blind. Two of us have the capacity to see, but my partner sees a little bit more than me. We are the eyes of the group. I have learned that limits are imposed by ourselves, and if we want our dreams to emerge, they can be made real. HIV is just a virus, and if one takes care of him/herself, everything is okay. And that’s it, that simple.
DSS: What would you like to say to women with HIV / Aids?
JS: I want to give them an advice. That if they have the necessity of telling their family members, and believe that they will help them, that they do so. But otherwise, it is best that you don’t tell them. Also, that you have to love your own body, love yourself, you cannot think that because you have HIV that you are not human and have values. You have to keep moving forward, take care with treatment, as life is not over. It is like going back to being born again, because you have hope, and live life day by day, not like before when you did not care. You have to strengthen yourself, better yourself, learn, keep yourself busy, exchange ideas, get trained.
DSS: What do you want to say to family members or friends of people with the virus?
JS: To family members I want to ask them to be considering. A person may have the virus, but still has the energy to understand and do everything. That they do not make them feel lesser, and discriminate against them, because it is the worst error a family can commit. It is better that they give them the liberty to live, because liberty is the most wonderful thing there is. So I would ask the family members, with all my heart, to understand them and support them the most possible.
DSS: Thank you Jaque, is there anything else you would like to add?
JS: No, Thank you, I think I have already said it all.
Viral Love #LPW2020
[*I first met Oma working in the legal aid clinic for Iraqi refugees in Cairo set up by Barbara Harrell-Bond back in 2007. To read more about our background, check out A series for LovePositiveWomen2020 and What do a Sudanese Mom Search the Internet for?, as well as a description of LUV’s ACT 1.5 (LovePositiveWomen2020). Thanks for being there, Oma! xo Todd]
Viral Love, Unconditional One!
Friend’s Love
I enjoyed having a very special and unique friendship with few yet very unique persons. As a Sudanese woman, it is not a frequent thing to happen. That adds more allure to the whole thing, it is such a blessing, a grace, and a gift from the greatest lover ever: “Allah,” I muchly thank for his almighty!
Found Todd once again online in the last year, and he talked to me about the Love Positive Women Project, introduced me to the idea and website, and I tuned in – in no time – actually, as I had already been with him since the very beginning.
Recently, unconditional love was something that settled in my thoughts and dreams, so it wasn’t strange to have my digital steps stumble upon such a lovely project. Feeling the necessity to participate and do what I have to do, I talked to one of my friends and she agreed to participate all at once. I talked to a few more, and got only two to stand up with me and they were more than enough, Fatima, Randa, and Sharif, all of them are ready to hold a meeting where they conquer – with love – the stigma castles that are spread all over our community!
I was happy to get their support and proceed in finding a tailor to make some hearts, according to George’s design, to give away as a living memory for this living love. We are not sure if we are ever going to meet a real HIV+ women or even men, we are not sure we will ever see an AIDS patient to show our sweet feelings to. Though we prepared the heart anyway and will provide them to people who are willing to hand them out to HIV+/AIDS patients, women and men, to show them that it is impossible to find a lit up-heart in the darkness of a collective state of denial!
I hope we can meet at least three groups during these 14 days of love for Love Positive Women, and that we will put the seed for unconditional love in the heart of Sudan, that one day will provide its fruits for all!
Thanks Jessica, Todd, George, Paula, et all.
Love for all positive women, men and children!
________________________
لنحبّ المتعايشات
Love Positive Women
حملة للحب نهديهه للسيدات حاملات فيروس نقص المناعة المكتسب، تقام كل عام في النصف الأول من شهر فبراير. حملة عالمية،
ابتدأت فكرة في عام 2012 وخرجت من القلب تنبض بالحب في العام 2013.
الهدف من هذه الحملة هو رفع الوعي حول النساء والفتيات المتعايشات مع فيروس نقص المناعة المكتسب، وذلك عبر توظيف
وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي لنصع سلسلة من العبارات الودودة في المجتمعات المحلية. وفي ظل عيد الحب، تمثل حملة لنحبّ
الإيجابيات منصة للأفراد والمجتمعات لمشاركة الحب من خلال أنشطة عامة أو خاصة، وتقديم الرعاية للنساء المتعايشات مع
فيروس نقص المناعة المكتسب.
تتجاوز حملة لنحبّ المتعايشات الحب الرومانسي إلى المحبة المجتمعية العميقة، والعدالة الاجتماعية. هي نداء للعمل. وتتطلب من
المشاركين قضاء بعض الوقت في التفكير حول ما يمكن تقديمه كنساء متعايشات أو حلفاء لهن، لتوفير شيء من المحبة تجاه
المتعايشات. يمكن تحقيق هذا التغيير من خلال الانشطة. والعمل من مركز قوة، حيث يركز مشروع لنحبّ المتعايشات Love
Positive Women على فكرة التواصل المشترك، وبناء العلاقات، وحبّ الذات، وحب المجتمع. وعند العمل من القلب وبأمر
الحب، تتبدى أمامنا عددا لا نهائياً من الطرق لبناء مجتمعات قوية. بينما تنعقد حملة لنحبّ الإيجابيات بشكل أساسي في الفترة 1-14
فبراير، فهي تظل رمزا يبينن كيف يكون العالم مختلفاً أثناء العام.
لقد شاركت مجموعات عدة من 45 بلداً وأكثر في تغيير الحيوات ووضع بصمة مختلفة من خلال أنشطة الحب. لنحبّ المتعايشات
مشروع مستمر أسسته جيسيكا وايتبريد الفنانة والعضوة في Visual AIDS . ستشارك مبادرة الحبّ حتى الألم Luv Til It
Hurts في الاحتفاء بالنساء الفنانات المتعايشات مع فيروس الأيدز في مجتمعنا من خلال تسليط الضوء على واحدة منهن في كل من
الأيام الأربعة عشر من فبراير 2019، ونحن في توق شديد لتكريم سيداتنا!
وبدورنا نشجّع الجميع في محيطنا بأن يشاركوا ويضعوا بصمتهم الخاصة في مجتمعاتهم وينشروا الحبّ على وسائل التواصل
الاجتماعي #lovepositivewomen
@lovepositivewomen<3
Behind the Curtain #LPW2020
Behind the curtain
“أنا مريضة إيدز ونفسى أتعامل كبنى آدمة، معملتش حاجة غلط علشان المجتمع ينبذنى ولما بمرض مش بلاقى دكتور يعاملنى كويس، وبقيت أخاف من الناس فاضطرت لارتداء النقاب خوفا من تعرف الناس على شخصيتى عند اللجوء لتلقى العلاج. “
“فى عام 2006 ظهرت الأعراض الأولية كإسهال وترجيع وسخونية، وفقدت الكثير من وزنى فبعد أن كان 83 كجم أصبح 45 كجم دون أن أعلم السبب، وعلى الرغم من أنى أجريت الكثير من الفحوصات والتحاليل التى حيرت الأطباء وشخصها الكثيرون بأنها مشاكل فى المعدة أو مرض الدفتيريا”.
“استمرت الأعراض وفقدان الوزن المحلوظ، و فى شهر 5 عام 2007، تم حجزى فى مستشفى القصر العينى لمدة 3 أيام فى قسم الباطنة، ونتيجة لاستمرار الإسهال وبعد إجراء الأطباء جميع الفحوصات لم يتعرفوا على السبب، فمكثت بالمستشفى لمدة 21 يوما، ولم يتم التوصل لتشخيص المرض، وبعد حيرة الأطباء فى التشخيص قرروا إجراء تحليل الإيدز وظهرت النتيجة إيجابية ثم بعد ذلك طلبوا من زوجى إجراء التحليل أيضا، وعند ظهور النتيجة لم توجد أى سرية فى المستشفى وتم إخبار جميع الأشخاص المتواجدين بها وإخبار أهلى وأهل زوجى الذين كانوا متواجدين معى”.
“بعد 21 يوما عندما تم التعرف على إصابتى بمرض الإيدز، تم عزلى فى آخر العنبر وإحاطة المكان الذى أتواجد به بالستائر، ثم بعد ذلك قاموا بإفراغ غرفة الغسيل التى يقوم فيها الأطباء بتغيير ملابسهم ووضعونى بها، خوفا منى، كما أن الأطباء كانوا يرون مواعيد حضورهم من بعيد من خلال الإضاءة بالكشاف وتم تركى 4 أيام معزولة فى غرفة الغسيل، وتم تحويلى مرة أخرى إلى حميات العباسية حتى يجرى التحليل بالمعامل المركزية وظهرت أيضا إيجابية.”
___________________
« Je suis atteinte du SIDA, et j’aimerais pouvoir me comporter en être humain. Je n’ai rien fait de mal pour que la société me rejette comme ça, et quand je tombe malade je ne trouve pas un médecin qui me traite convenablement, et j’en arrive à avoir peur des gens. C’est pour ça que je me suis mise à porter le niqab, de peur que les gens n’apprennent ma condition lorsque je vais récupérer mon traitement. »
« En 2006, les premiers symptômes sont apparus: diarrhée, vomissements et fièvre. J’ai perdu beaucoup de poids, je suis passée de 83 à 45 kg, sans en connaître la cause. J’ai fait de nombreux tests et examens, mais les médecins et autres spécialiste étaient toujours dans le flou, pensant que c’était des maux d’estomac ou la diphtérie. »
« Les symptômes et la perte de poids ont continué à se développer, jusqu’en mai 2007, où j’ai été admise à l’hôpital de Asr El-Ayny pour 3 jours au service d’hépato-gastro-entérologie en raison de la diarrhée persistante. Après avoir encore réalisé tous les tests possibles et imaginables, les médecins n’arrivaient toujours pas à en déterminer la cause. Je suis donc restée 21 jours à l’hôpital, et puisque les médecins n’arrivaient à aboutir à un diagnostic, ils ont finir par prescrire un test du Sida, qui s’est avéré positif. Quand le résultat est arrivé, ils ont également demandé à mon mari de faire le test. Lorsque les résultats sont sortis, le secret médical n’a absolument pas été respecté, toutes les personnes présentes à l’hôpital à ce moment-là ont été mises au courant, de même que les membres de ma famille et celle de mon mari qui étaient présents. »
« Au bout de 21 jours, quand nous avons enfin eu le diagnostic de l’infection par le Sida, j’ai été placée à l’isolement dans une chambre, bien cachée derrière des rideaux. Ensuite, ils ont vidée le vestiaire, la salle où les médecins se changent, et m’ont déplacé là-bas. Ils avaient peur de moi. Ils venaient vérifier leurs horaires de loin, et avec une lampe torche. Ils m’ont laissée 4 jours isolée dans la buanderie, avant de me transférer à l’hôpital de Abbasseya, pour que je puisse faire un autre test au laboratoire central, qui s’est également avéré positif. »
___________________
“I am sick with AIDS and I’d like to treat myself like a human being. I didn’t do anything wrong for society to reject me; and when I get sick, I can’t find a doctor who treats me well, and I’ve become afraid of people. This is why I had to wear a niqab for fear that people would get to know my condition when I come to take my treatment.
In 2006, the initial symptoms appeared as diarrhea, vomiting, and heat. I lost a lot of weight; I went from weighing 83 kg to 45 kg, without knowing the reason. I conducted many tests and analyses that puzzled doctors, many diagnosed stomach problems or diphtheria.
Symptoms and weight loss persisted, until May 2007, when I was admitted into the Al-Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital for 3 days in the Hepato-Gastro-Enterology Department as a result of the continued diarrhea. After the doctors performed all possible tests, they still did not find the reason. So I stayed in the hospital for 21 days, the diagnosis of the disease was not reached and the doctors were confused. They finally decided to perform an AIDS test, and the result appeared positive. Then they asked my husband to perform the test as well. When the result appeared, there was no medical confidentiality whatsoever, the whole hospital was informed, as well as my family and my husband’s family who were there.
After 21 days, when I was finally diagnosed with AIDS, I was isolated in a ward and surrounded by curtains. Then, they emptied the laundry room where the doctors used to change their clothes and they put me there. They were afraid of me. When the doctors needed to check their schedules, they were doing it from afar and with a flashlight. They left me for 4 days isolated in the laundry room, then I was transferred again to the Abbaseya hospital where another test was done in the central laboratories and it also appeared as positive.”
Interview with Cadu Oliveira on LGBTQIA+ organizing in São Paulo #LPW2020
LTIH: You have been involved with LGBT and HIV activism for some time now. How long have you been doing this in São Paulo?
CO: My trajectory with activism began from 1996 to 2007, in Jundiaí, with people who have lost their homes. At this point, matters such as HIV/Aids and drug abuse were already present in my life. It was in this scenario that I began to act in intersectional militancy, although it was still less centralized on LGBTs and, instead, oriented towards this population’s more structural conditions. However, I had already done research for LGBT news outlets, notedly for SuiGeneris Magazine.
Around 2002, I got closer to the LGBT Community, still only as a participant, not as a militant. In this movement towards belonging, I began to observe the inequalities and asymmetries found in gender, race, class, and the performance of gender and sexuality.
After spending some time away from these issues, in 2012, I began to participate in a reflexive group of people living with HIV/Aids (PLWHA), in a discussion that was focused on HIV/Aids Sexuality. It was the group Somos at Vila Mariana in São Paulo. At this point, I took a more political position on HIV/Aids and sexualities, which matured through my participation in Revolta da Lâmpada between 2014 and 2019, when I began to consider political intersections present in my own body, what it means to be a positHIVe black fag in Brazil, as well as in the context of a masculine, white, heteronormative, and very colonized movement. It is a movement that claims to have been influenced by StoneWall in 1969, although we were, during that same time, going through the worst moment of the Brazilian Military Dictatorship, and little of this Revolt reached the Movement until the beginning of the 80s. Currently there is Queer Theory, which is very academic and centered around Spanish authors (while one should mention how they were responsible for the colonization of a great portion of our Latin America), as well as from the United States (responsible for the current ideologic, economic, and cultural colonization).
It was in the spirit of this moment in 2014, after the 2013 manifestations and a rise in identity movements, that I began to think about the impacts of these intersectionalities inherent to my body, in my access to the city, in my militancy, and in my full right.
Minha trajetória com ativismos começa em 1996 até 2007 em Jundiaí com as pessoas em situação de rua, ocorre que já nesse momento já estavam presentes questões como HIV/Aids e uso abusivo de drogas. Então nesse cenário começo a atuar numa militância interseccional, ainda que menos centralizada em LGBTs e mais voltadas para essas condições mais estruturais nessa população. Embora já fizesse uma pesquisa na imprensa LGBT, notadamente a revista SuiGeneris.
Por volta de 2002 me aproximo à Comunidade LGBT, ainda como participante, não como militante. Nesse movimento de pertença começo a observar as desigualdades e assimetria de gênero, raça, classe, performance de gênero e sexual.
Por um tempo passo afastado dessas questões e em 2012 passo a participar de um um grupo reflexivo de pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids (PVHA). A discussão era pautada em Sexualidade HIV/AIDS, era o grupo Somos na Vila Mariana em São Paulo. Nesse momento tomo uma posição mais política em HIV/Aids e sexualidades, que amadurece na minha participação nA Revolta Da Lâmpada entre 2014 e 2019, quando comecei a considerar as intersecções políticas presentes em meu corpo, o que significa ser uma bixa preta positHIVa no Brasil e no contexto de um movimento masculino, branco e heteronormativo, muito colonizado, que se declara influenciado por StoneWall em 1969, ainda que por estarmos na ocasião no pior momento da Ditadura Militar Brasileira, pouco se chegou dessa Revolta para o Movimento até o inicio dos anos 80, e contemporaneamente pela Teoria Queer , muito acadêmica e centrada em autores espanhóis (cabe salientar que eles foram responsáveis pela colonização de boa parte da nossa América Latina) e estadunidenses (responsáveis pelo colonização ideológica, econômica e cultura atual).
Foi nesse espirito do momento em 2014, após as manifestações de 2013 e num crescente dos movimentos identitários, que começo a pensar nos impactos dessas interseccionalidades inerentes ao meu corpo nos meus acessos a cidade, na minha militância e no meu pleno direito.
LTIH: We are now in a specific context, under Bolsonaro’s government, with new urgencies and intensities rising in the work that you do. Could you tell us a little bit about your activist work in this current scenario?
CO: In my reading, there was a great change in the growth of the conservative section of society, and its approximation with an ideology of extreme right, that is conservative, retrograde, and reactionary.
When we spoke of 2013, it was a political mark both for the left as well as for the right. Now, as we have had progressive governments in the last few years, from a left-wing party, the right spectrum began to feel neglected in their values, and drifted towards an extreme position as a response.
There already existed some discontent in this group, that is conservative in its moral agenda, retrograde with regards to access to rights, and reactionary in the maintenance of class privileges due to the growth of social and identity movements. The federal and state elections in 2018 were the materialization of this feeling, which makes it more difficult to promote debates that involve male-hegemonic experiences, and demands a change in strategies of mobilization. It was a direct attack on everything that we had been developing, and disrupted the fortification that movements had been going through since the Redemocratization.
There is a repositioning in the discussion due to the reclaiming of womanhood, blackness, dissident masculinities and femininities, and the acronym LGBTQIA+, which obviously interferes in the militancy and in the work that I have been developing.
However it is not a battle won for the fascist social forces, since we are still in the dispute of narratives and, our resistance (I don’t mean in it in every detail, because we have daily fake news and smoke screens) is fundamental, in the agenda of movements that are considered relevant and that involve partner movements for potential.
Denouncing things is also important as it marks the historic moment in which we live. I participated with Eduardo Santos in the chapter “Digressions on a Queer Experience” in the book “Sexual Metaphysics. Cannibalism and the devouring of Paul B. Preciado in Latin America”, in which I made exactly this analysis of the current juncture of intersectional militancy.
Na minha leitura, houve uma grande mudança com o crescimento de uma parcela conservadora da sociedade e sua aproximação de um ideario de extrema direita, conservador, retrógrado e reacionário.
Quando falamos em 2013, foi um marco político tanto para o campo da esquerda quanto da direita, ocorre que por estarmos num momento de governos progressistas e nos últimos anos de um partido de esquerda, o espectro de direita ficou se sentindo negligenciado em seus valores e parte para uma posição extrema como uma resposta.
Já existia um descontentamento desse grupo que é conservador em pautas morais, retrógrado nos acessos aos direitos e reacionário na manutenção de privilégios de classe por causa do crescimento dos movimentos sociais e identitários. As eleições federais e estaduais de 2018 são a materialização desse sentimento, o que torna mais difícil promover alguns debates que envolvem vivências não hegemônicas e exige mudança nas estratégias de mobilização. O que foi um ataque direto a tudo o que estávamos desenvolvendo e que desestrutura o fortalecimento que os movimentos tiveram a partir da Redemocratização.
Há um reposicionamento na discussão das reinvindicações das mulheridades, negritudes, masculinidades dissidentes, femininos e do acrônimo LGBTQIA+, o que, por óbvio, interfere na militância e no trabalho que eu estou desenvolvendo.
Porém não é um jogo ganho para as forças sociais fascistas, já que ainda estamos em disputa de narrativas e nossa resistência (não digo em cada detalhe, porque diariamente vemos fake news e cortinas de fumaça), nas pautas que os movimentos considerarem relevantes e que envolvam movimentos parceiros em potencial é fundamental.
A denuncia também é importante na medida que marca o momento histórico em que vivemos. Participei com Eduardo Santos do capitulo “Digressões sobre uma experiência queer” no livro” Metafísicas sexuais. Canibalismo e devoração de Paul B. Preciado na América Latina” fazendo exatamente essa análise da conjuntura atual para a militância interseccional.
LTIH: An important work in São Paulo involves access to medication. Do you know who or what activist groups are working with this? Could you tell us a little bit about groups with whom you work or have worked?
CO: Indeed, access to medication is fundamental, as it involves the maintenance of lives living with HIV/Aids.
In the beginning of the epidemics, the distance between the diagnostics of HIV and falling ill with Aids was much smaller and the number of deaths was very high. During that time, medicine was too expensive and their variety too little, so even if you had enough acquisitive power to buy them, you could have problems with reverse or counter-productive collateral effects, if you were not able to adapt to them.
The gratuity represented a mark in the confrontation with HIV/Aids in Brazil, as it gave treatment to people who have been historically excluded in the health system, and who therefore have a greater risk of death. What happens today with the scrapping of the SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde) and of Public Health, is that it is more probable that more places will be out of medications, because in some regions they are already out, and even in large centers, complementary treatments such as psychiatric medication, are already being neglected. Some groups have done this confrontation, and they are, in their different characteristics: Coletivo AMEM, Loka de Efavirenz, Pela Vida, GIV, and Rede de Jovens SP+. Although this confrontation is urgent, in my understanding, it is not enough, because we need public policies that guarantee universal access to treatment. You can have a wonderful NGO supporting the cause, which means immensely for the movement, but its work has to be backed up in the municipality’s, the state’s, and the nation’s public policies.
In my experience in collectives and in social movements, I have noticed that they are subject to the changes in society, to its participants, interests, and even to being extinct. When these changes occur, there can be an alteration in the activist goals of the group, and this is legitimate and necessary, while public policies remain relatively perennial, regardless of whether we have less social organization. Evidently, the larger the organization, the greater is the insurance of rights, but these cannot depend only on social events. My militant process also contains the seasonality of my immediate interests. I have already worked in acts with ArtsEverywhere, the Platform Explode!, in Jundiaí with Cume, more recently in Akuenda, in Homens Que Sentem, and I was also a participant in Revolta da Lâmpada. All of these experiences have framed my militancy, but as I said, we stay in a collective according to the interest we have in our own claims. A collective forms out of people with various characteristics, with new people who join and who leave the group, and on its interests and activities.
My role in militancy departs from a reflection of my own experiences, which is why it is natural that it may change. For example, my interest in talking about my blackness and homosexuality is different, even because these identities are already present in my body and are influencing how I speak and how I am heard. I feel more motivated to talk about politics, masculinities, HIV/Aids. Departing from this personal experience, I understand that collectives go through processes of change, and that this is fundamental for them, to be aware of their own contemporaneity. Permanence in them takes place through transits, which are favorable to the oxygenation of militancies. Because the tighter the group is, the more it can read the society that it represents.
Realmente, o acesso às medicações é fundamental pois envolve a manutenção das vidas vivendo com HIV/Aids.
No princípio da epidemia a distância entre o diagnóstico para HIV e o adoecimento pela Aids era muito menor e o número de mortes era muito grande. Naquela ocasião as medicações eram muito caras e sua variedade muito pequena, portanto, mesmo que você tivesse poder aquisitivo suficiente para comprá-las, ainda poderia ter problemas de efeitos colaterais reversos ou contraproducentes se não se adaptasse a elas.
A gratuidade representou um marco para o enfrentamento ao HIV/Aids no Brasil, à medida que deu tratamento para pessoas historicamente excluídas do sistema de saúde, e portanto em maior risco de morte. O que acontece hoje com o sucateamento do SUS e da Saúde Pública é que há uma possibilidade grande de que as medicações comecem a faltar em mais lugares, porque em algumas regiões já está faltando, e mesmo nos grandes centros os tratamentos complementares como a medicação psiquiatra está sendo negligenciada. Alguns grupos que têm feito esse enfrentamento, com suas diferentes características, são: Coletivo AMEM, Loka de Efavirenz, Pela Vida, GIV e Rede de jovens SP+. Ainda que seja urgente esse enfrentamento, no meu entendimento, não é suficiente, pois precisamos de Políticas Públicas que garantam o acesso universal ao tratamento. Pode-se ter uma grande ONG apoiando a causa, o que significa imensamente para o movimento, mas o trabalho dela tem que ter respaldo nas políticas públicas do município, estado e do país.
Na minha experiência em coletivos e no movimento social, percebo que eles estão sujeitos às mudanças da sociedade, de seus participantes, de interesses, e podem mesmo ser extintos. Quando ocorrem essas mudanças pode acontecer uma alternância do objeto ativista do grupo, e isso é legitimo e necessário, enquanto as políticas públicas se mantêm relativamente perenes independente de termos menos organização social. Por evidente quanto maior a organização, maior a garantia de direitos, mas estes não podem depender apenas de um acontecimento social.
O meu processo militante também tem essa sazonalidade dos meus interesses imediatos. Já trabalhei em ações com ArtsEverywere, com a Plataforma Explode!, em Jundiaí com Cume, mais recentemente no Akuenda, no Homens que sentem e fui participante dA Revolta Da Lâmpada. Todas estas experiências moldam minha militância, mas como eu disse, ficamos num coletivo conforme o interesse que temos nas suas reinvindicações. O coletivo se forma de pessoas com diversas características e conforme as entradas de novas e as saídas que acontecem, dos interesses e da atuação.
O meu lugar na militância parte da reflexão das minhas experiências, por isso é natural que mude. Por exemplo meu interesse sobre falar sobre minha negritude e homossexualidade é diferente, até porque essas identidades já estão presentes no meu corpo influenciando como falo e sou ouvido. Me sinto mais motivado a falar sobre política, masculinidades, HIV/Aids.
Partindo dessa experiência pessoal, entendo que os coletivos passam por processos de mudanças e isso é fundamental para que deem conta de sua contemporaneidade, e a permanência neles acontece em trânsitos, que são favoráveis para oxigenar as militâncias. Porque quanto mais estanque estiver um grupo, mais ele consegue ler a sociedade que ele representa.
Emanuel Brauna-Lechat interviews Momô de Oliveira #LPW2020
EBL: Momô, qual a sua avaliação sobre o cenário cinematográfico de um modo geral no Brasil?
MO: Vejo o cenário cinematográfico no Brasil com muitas incertezas, apesar de sabermos recentemente que para o ano de 2020 grandes nomes do STREAM irão injetar alguns milhões no setor, o que é muito positivo, não teremos, por outros lado, políticas públicas neste sentido e, naturalmente, a comunidade mais carente não será tocada por essas ações do setor privado. Ao meu ver, faltam mais projetos que envolvam a parcela menos favorecida da população.
EBL: Você é uma atriz de 63 anos, como você vê, dentro deste cenário do audiovisual que você desenhou, a questão da absorção de atrizes negras e com mais de 50 anos?
MO: Participo de muitas campanhas para TV e as vezes alguns trabalhos no cinema, percebo que atrizes negras e idosas, quando aparecem, são como uma participação de obrigatoriedade, para cumprimento de etapas. Temos aqui 3 problemas, a IDADE, o GÊNERO e a RAÇA. A atriz negra está geralmente em desvantagem, seja ela jovem ou madura.
EBL: Na sua opinião, o fato de eu, o autor e diretor da obra DORA NÃO CANSOU DE VIVER… ser negro, foi determinante para escolha de um elenco também negro? Em outras palavras, você acredita que seria menos provável que um diretor branco fizesse tal escolha?
MO: Honestamente, eu acredito que você, o autor e diretor, ser negro, foi sim determinante para a escolha de um elenco afro, uma vez que o roteiro em si não deixa evidente esta especificidade em nenhum momento e eu infelizmente tenho dificuldade em admitir que um diretor branco pudesse fugir dos padrões que conhecemos, não digo que seria impossível, apenas improvável.
EBL: O que te chamou atenção no roteiro de DORA NÃO CANSOU DE VIVER…?
MO: O roteiro me causou um impacto muito grande pela sensibilidade e delicadeza com as quais ele foi escrito, você foi muito habilidoso, cada cena é como um desenho, uma pintura, e o fato de não ter diálogo no texto me cativou ainda mais, pois como atriz, esse tipo de trabalho além de ser raro é sempre muito desafiador e gratificante, pois nos faz descobrir algumas ferramentas que nós nem sequer sabíamos que tínhamos. E por fim a personagem em si, DORA, uma verdadeira guerreira que representa mulheres e mães no mundo inteiro, é uma personagem universal, de fácil identificação, mas com muita particularidade, muito bem atribuídas pelo autor.
EBL: Como atriz madura e mulher, o que você espera com esta obra audiovisual?
MO: Meu desejo é passar uma mensagem de amor e solidariedade, espero que ela chegue às escolas, que os jovens debatam sobre a importância das questões sociais e que levem esses questionamentos para seus lares, precisamos olhar mais ao nosso redor e não apenas esperar das autoridades, devemos cobrar sim, mas também fazer a nossa parte.
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EBL: Momô, what is your analysis of the general cinematographic scene in Brazil?
MO: I see the cinematographic scene in Brazil as having a lot of uncertainties, although we have found out recently that in the year of 2020, many big names from the STREAM will inject some millions into the sector, which is something very positive, but on another hand, we won’t have public policy in this sense, and, naturally, the more needy community will not be touched by these actions going on in the private sector. In my opinion, we lack more projects that involve the less favored portion of the population.
EBL: You are a 63 year-old actress. How do you see, within this audiovisual scene that you described, the matter of the absorption of black actresses over the age of 50?
MO: I participate in many TV campaigns, and sometimes some works for cinema, and I notice that elderly black actresses, when they appear, it’s like a participation out of obligation, to comply with requirements. Here we have 3 problems, AGE, GENDER, and RACE. The black actress is generally in a disadvantage, whether she is young or older.
EBL: In your opinion, the fact that the I, the author and director of DORA NÃO CANSOU DE VIVER… am black, was decisive in the choice of having a cast that is also black? In other words, do you believe it would be less probable that a white director would have made such a decision?
MO: Honestly, I believe that the fact that you, the author and director, are black, was indeed decisive in the choice of an afro cast, as the script itself does not make this specificity evident at any moment. I, unfortunately, have difficulty admitting that a white director would have been capable of escaping the standards we know, I’m not saying that it would have been impossible, just improbable.
EBL: What caught your attention in the script of DORA NÃO CANSOU DE VIVER…?
MO: The script caused a big impact on me for the great sensibility and delicacy in which it was written. You were very skilled, each scene is like a drawing, a painting, and the fact that there is no dialogue in the text captivated me even more, since, as an actress, this kind of work is not only rare, it is also challenging and rewarding, because it makes us discover some tools that we didn’t even know we had. And finally, the character herself, DORA, is a true warrior who represents women and mothers all over the world, she is a universal character, easy to identify with, but with many particularities, which were all very well attributed by the author.
EBL: As a senior actress and woman, what do you expect from this audiovisual work?
MO: My desire is to pass on a message of love and solidarity, and I hope that it arrives at schools, that young people debate the importance of social matters, and that they take these questionings back into their own homes. We need to look around us more, and not only at the authorities, we do need to demand things from them, but we also need to do our part.
Help finance Emanuel Brauna-Lechat’s film, ‘DORA NÃO CANSOU DE VIVER…’ here: https://www.catarse.me/doranaocansoudeviver
See also: interview with Emanuel Brauna-Lechat